Ethiopia Enters the Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Era

Genetically modified organisms, commonly called GMOs, are living plants or animals whose DNA has been altered using modern biotechnology. Scientists can insert specific genes into a crop to confer useful traits, such as insect resistance, drought tolerance, or improved nutritional quality. Unlike traditional breeding, which mixes thousands of genes over many generations, genetic engineering introduces targeted changes to address specific agricultural problems.

Around the world, genetically modified crops have been grown for nearly three decades. Countries such as the United States, Brazil, and South Africa cultivate millions of hectares of GM maize, soybeans, and cotton. Supporters argue that these crops improve yields, reduce pesticide use, and help farmers cope with climate stress. Critics raise concerns about ecological risks, corporate control of seeds, and long-term health and environmental impacts.